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Session: Session 1A: Turbines-Design Aspects (1)
Session starts: Monday 09 September, 10:30
Presentation starts: 10:50
Room: Olympia

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Andreas Weiß (University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden Center of Excellence for Cogeneration Technologies, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring 23, 92224 Amberg Germany)
Václav Novotný (University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Třinecká 1024, 273 43 Buštěhrad Czech Republic)
Tobias Popp (University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden Center of Excellence for Cogeneration Technologies, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring 23, 92224 Amberg Germany)
Gerd Zinn (DEPRAG SCHULZ GMBH u. CO,, Carl-Schulz-Platz 1, 92224 Amberg, Germany)
Michal Kolovratnik (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Techicka 4, 16607 Prague 6 Czech Republic)

Abstract:
Due to the various possible applications in the ORC waste heat recovery business i.e. different heat sources, heat flow rates, temperature levels, pressure levels and working fluids, it is not appropriate to design and build one standard turbogenerator to stock. Therefore, the authors developed a very flexible “micro-turbine-generator-construction-kit (MTG-c-kit)” by means of which a customized turbine generator can be designed and built for any required power output between 1 - 200 kW, for a wide range of working fluids and boundary conditions – quickly and cost efficiently. The architecture of this construction kit and its main features are introduced briefly in this paper. However, more focus is put on the developed 1D turbine design tool. It allows to design and optimize a single stage turbine for any fluid and any boundary conditions very quickly. The thermodynamic model and the applied loss models for the implementable axial impulse turbine or radial inflow cantilever turbine are discussed by means of a specific design example. Experimental results of two micro turbines, which were designed and built according to the above-mentioned approach, are presented and the agreement and discrepancies between measured and design data are discussed. In order to further accelerate and cheapen those customized micro turbine generators for small and low temperature applications, we provide an outlook of possibilities of additive manufacturing methods like 3D-printing of plastic turbine wheels for example. These new possibilities provide potential to improve the competiveness of small-scale ORC in waste heat recovery. A prototype of a simple turbine design with plastic 3D printed wheels has been manufactured and first tests are presented.