14:00
Session 2C: Experimental prototypes (1)
Chair: Min Soo Kim
14:00
20 mins
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Set-up and Pilot Operation of an In-house Developed Biomass ORC μCHP in the Czech Republic
Jakub Mascuch, Vaclav Novotny, Vaclav Vodicka, Zbynek Zeleny, Jan Spale
Abstract: Microcogeneration (μCHP) systems have been tried with various technologies including ORC and with many attempts for commercialization. The requirements of noble fuels (e.g. natural gas), high price, and unsuitable business models together with legal and other obstacles have in most cases limited its successful deployment.
A unique ORC based μCHP system named for biomass combustion (including low quality biomass) named Wave is presented in this paper. The developed system is first shown in scope of the previous research and development. The issues that have arisen with the operation of the pilot installation in comparison to the laboratory experimental unit including technical, legal and economic aspects, are outlined. This is followed by a description of the technical parameters and the applied technologies of the system. Operation parameters in given regimes are shown based on the field data from the pilot application as well as overall integral quantities in the first heating season. The operation of the pilot commercial unit is not yet without any flaws and several problems occurred. These are presented in this paper and are a subject of an intense development.
Commercialization of μCHP ORC units is limited by several economic and political factors. The different paradigm that authors adopted shows that economic performance cannot be the only parameter for investment evaluation, but investor needs to assess additional benefits from the μCHP system. This point is discussed in a separate chapter.
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14:20
20 mins
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Development of a 48V ORC Turbo-pump for Waste Heat Recovery in the Coolant of Light Duty and Commercial Vehicles
Pascal Smague, Pierre Leduc, Gael Leveque, Arthur Leroux
Abstract: In the next 10 years, a 30% CO2 emission reduction is awaited on road vehicles in Europe. Complementary to electrification and hybridization, waste heat recovery (WHR) appears to be a necessity to improve vehicle efficiency and provide significant reduction in fuel consumption of passenger cars and commercial vehicles.
In this context IFP Energies nouvelles accompanied by ENOGIA have actively worked on Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) dedicated to transport to adapt this mature technology in stationary application to the small scale road transport industry.
A cost-driven approach using low temperature waste heat recovery was selected has key driver in this development. It is based on an Organic Rankine Cycle with the engine coolant as heat source and an integrated mechanical compact kinetic turbine and pump as compression and expansion devices. Compared to other WHR based on exhaust gas heat recovery with high efficiency, this solution offers a safe, lightweight and low-cost module readily pluggable onto engines and compatible with 48V hybridization. Simulations and experimental results highlighted a potential of 2% and up to 3% fuel economy on regulatory cycle WLTP for light duty vehicle with thermal management.
In this paper results of system and CFD simulations, design process of the electric ORC turbo-pump as well as experimental results will be presented.
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14:40
20 mins
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Experimental Investigation on Start-up Performance of a 315kW Organic Rankine Cycle System
Puyao Wang, Zhe Wu, Long Chen, Qingyang Han, Zhiwei Yuan
Abstract: The experimental study of a 315kW organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system using a radial-flow turbine, brazed plate heat exchangers (BHPE) and R134a has been investigated. An ORC system start-up mode of matching R134a flux with heat source temperature is introduced in this paper. In order to maintain the stable operation of each device of the ORC system, R134a flux should be gradually increased with the rise of the heat source temperature. Experiments were conducted for R134a flux ranging from 5.1kg/s to 19.0kg/s with the hot source temperature from 65℃ to 95℃, cold source temperature from 5.2℃ to 12.1℃.The effects of electrical power, turbine back pressure, heat exchangers pressure drop and exergy loss during the process of system start-up are examined. The experimental results show that the temperature of cold source and the R134a flux have great influence on the turbine back pressure, thus affecting the turbine output power. The lower the temperature of the cold source, the smaller the flux of R134a required for the generator to achieve the full power. Under the condition that the temperature of cold source is 5.2℃, the minimum R134a flux required for the electrical power to reach 315 kW is 17.7 kg/s, and the corresponding net power generation efficiency is 6.5%.
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15:00
20 mins
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Closed Loop Organic Vapor Wind Tunnel CLOWT: Commissioning and Operational Experience
Felix Reinker, Eugeny Y. Kenig, Stefan aus der Wiesche
Abstract: In this contribution, the commissioning of the Closed Loop Organic Vapor Wind Tunnel (CLOWT) is discussed and first operational experience of this test facility is presented. The paper comprises four parts. In the first part, the low-speed aerodynamics of CLOWT, based on measurements with Constant Temperature Anemometry (CTA) and Pitot-Static Tubes, is analyzed. Due to the fact that CLOWT acts as a pressure vessel system, leakage issues are of fundamental importance for this facility. For this reason, in the second part, both static leakage tests (without shaft rotation) and dynamic leakage tests focusing on the shaft sealing are discussed. CLOWT follows the concept of a continuous running mode. Therefore, in the third part, the thermal longterm behavior is considered, while time-dependent temperature and pressure measurements inside the test section are shown. In the last part, the compressor performance is presented. Based on the commissioning and first operational experience, an outlook for future experiments with organic fluids is given.
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